Introduction PCB Design Notes
Separation of Power + Signal
The power side generate noise that could interfere with the signal components on board, usually the board are design so that the power side and signal side are separate on the PCB board.
Example: Switching Converters
PWM produces noise because its rapid on/off switching creates sharp voltage edges, acting like unintentional antennas that radiate Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), interfering with nearby components through capacitive/inductive coupling and mechanical vibrations, especially in audio circuits and AM radios. These fast transitions generate high-frequency harmonics, disrupting sensitive circuits, while motor loads can create audible buzzing from physical vibrations.
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